Idealism, materialism, and dialectics intersect across ontology, knowledge, history, mediation, contradiction, and the philosophical relation between thought and reality.

A philosophical reading of postmodern art through Jameson’s critique of depthlessness, surface, fragmented subjectivity, simulated history, and the loss of mythic meaning.

A philosophical reading of Jameson’s critique of postmodern art as the collapse of representation, depth, history, and critical meaning under the cultural logic of late capitalism.

A conceptual image accompanying an article on Hegel’s distinction between actuality and mere existence. The composition relates Hegel to the unity of concept and reality, essence and appearance, inner and outer, necessity and contingency. The owl of Minerva may appear as a symbol of philosophy comprehending a historical form once it has matured.

A conceptual image accompanying an article on the ontological system of Spinoza’s Ethics. The composition associates Spinoza with geometrical forms representing definitions, axioms, propositions, and demonstrations. It evokes the unity of substance, Deus sive Natura, thought and extension, finite modes, causal necessity, conatus, the transformation of affects, and the intellectual love of God.

A conceptual image accompanying an article on Louis Althusser’s late philosophy. The image represents history as an open field of material encounters rather than a process governed by a predetermined end. It relates to aleatory materialism, contingency, the void, the conjuncture, political intervention, reproduction, and the formation of structures that retrospectively appear necessary.