Browsing: Rationalism

Dalí combines slave-market figures, Voltaire’s disappearing bust, desert space, vessels, architecture, and optical illusion into a Surrealist meditation on perception, reason, commodification, and power.

The conditions of knowledge shift from the constituting subject to historical discourse and episteme, and finally toward data, models, algorithms, and synthetic production in the age of artificial intelligence.

Friedrich Schiller’s aesthetic theory connects the sense drive, form drive, and play drive with human wholeness, aesthetic education, ethical development, and the possibility of freedom.

Baumgarten founded aesthetics as the science of sensuous cognition, connecting beauty, imagination, sensuous perfection, art, epistemology, and the autonomy of aesthetic knowledge.

A conceptual image accompanying an article on the ontological system of Spinoza’s Ethics. The composition associates Spinoza with geometrical forms representing definitions, axioms, propositions, and demonstrations. It evokes the unity of substance, Deus sive Natura, thought and extension, finite modes, causal necessity, conatus, the transformation of affects, and the intellectual love of God.

A philosophy essay on the two logics of certainty: ancient knowledge as object-appropriate episteme and modern certainty as foundation, criterion, and method.