Browsing: Philosophy

Bergson redefines philosophical certainty through intuition, duration, internal difference, disciplined experience, becoming, and fidelity to reality’s own movement.

Deleuze defines the virtual as fully real difference and the actual as its temporary, local formation through immanent processes of actualization.

Deleuze replaces identity-centered metaphysics with an affirmative ontology of difference, becoming, immanence, repetition, multiplicity, relationality, and continuous conceptual production.

Harari connects artificial intelligence with agency, language, stories, bureaucracy, centralized power, decision-making, and the growing scarcity of wisdom.

A philosophical study of Kant’s transcendental conditions of possible experience and Bergson’s shift, developed through Deleuze, toward duration, intuition, singularity, and the conditions of real experience.

Jacques Rancière redefines politics and aesthetics through equality, dissensus, regimes of visibility, the distribution of the sensible, and spectator emancipation.

Charles Sanders Peirce developed a triadic theory of signs centered on icon, index, symbol, semiosis, and deduction, induction, and abduction.

Roland Barthes developed influential approaches to myth, textuality, authorship, readerly and writerly texts, visual meaning, and the subjective experience of photography.

Baumgarten founded aesthetics as the science of sensuous cognition, connecting beauty, imagination, sensuous perfection, art, epistemology, and the autonomy of aesthetic knowledge.

Baumgarten and Kant define two decisive thresholds of aesthetics through sensuous cognition, perfection, judgement, free play, common sense, genius, aesthetic ideas, and the sublime.